English Vocabulary and Etymology(week7)

English Vocabulary and Etymology(Week7)

Prefix, root, suffix

bene-:good

benevolent: kind and generous or to do good things for other people

example:The gift is from a benevolent donor.

beneficial : good or helpful effects

example:Vegetables are beneficial to our health.

male-:bad

malevolent : attempt to do harm to another people
example: Her stare was malevolent.


malignant : very serious and dangerous that may cause death
example:This is a malignant tumor.

malicious:showing a desire to cause harm to another person
example:He planned a malicious project.



ami-:something very good

amicable:friendly
example: She is an amicable person.


amity:a feeling of friendship
example:They played together with a great peace and amity.


dia-:through, thoroughly,entirely

diameter: a straight line from one side of something to the other side 
example:The dotted line indicates the diameter of the circle.


diagnosis:the act of identifying a disease
example:She is an expert in the diagnosis and treatment of eye disease.


diagram: a drawing that explains or shows the parts of something
example: This diagram shows how the clock operates.




vir-/ver-:truth

virtue:morally good behavior or character 
example: ''Patience is a virtue.''is an old saying.


virginal:not changed from a natural or original condition
example: The land is still in its virginal state.

virtual:existing or occurring on computers or on the Internet
example:The website  provides a virtual tour of the stadium.



re-: again

revise:to correct or to improve
example:You need to revise your poem.


recreation:something people do to relax or have fun
example:The fields next to the school is used for recreation.


react:to behave in a particular way when someone is talking
example:When I told her the news, she reacted with anger.

-phobia:excessive or irrational fear of

hemophobia:be afraid of blood
example: She has a problem of hemophobia.

xenophobia:fear of strangers or foreigners
example:Excessive patriotism can lead to xenophobia.


autophobia:fear of referring to oneself
example:He is an  autophobia patient.







New Word

．synecdoche: one part stands for the rest o all

．medium(singular)
    media(plural)
    

．chunk:a large amount of something
    example:She cut the fruit into large chunks.

．nasty:very unpleasant to see, smell,etc.
    example:The cake left a nasty smell in the room.

．dissertation: a long piece of writing about a particular subject that is done to earn an 
                        advanced degree at a university
    example:She wrote a dissertation.
     

．oxymoron: a combination of words that have opposite or very different meanings
    example: The word ''bittersweet'' is an oxymoron.
    

．gregarious:enjoying the company of other people
    example:She is outgoing and gregarious.


．bulwark: a wall that is built for protection
    example: The country has built the bulwark to protect themselves.


．antithesis: the exact opposite of something or someone
    example:The antithesis of death is life.


．amorous: full of emotion
    example: He is an amorous person.


．perpetrate:to do something that s illegal or wrong
    example:The men were planning to perpetrate a murder.


．assiduous:showing great attention or effort
    example:The student was assiduous in his work.


．labyrinth:a place that has many confusing paths or passages
    example:This is a complex labyrinth tunnel.


．myriad:a lot of
    example:There are a myriad of chances.







Extra Information

Neverland

Neverland is a fictional location featured in the works of J. M. Barrie and those based on them. It is an imaginary faraway place, where Peter Pan, Tinker Bell, the Lost Boys and other mythical creatures and beings live. Although not all people who come to Neverland cease to age, its best known resident famously refused to grow up, and it is often used as a metaphor for eternal childhood (and childishness), immortality, and escapism.

Alfred the Great

Alfred the Great (849 – 26 October 899) was King of Wessex from 871 to 899.Alfred successfully defended his kingdom against the Viking attempt at conquest, and by the time of his death had become the dominant ruler in England. He is one of only two English monarchs to be given the epithet "the Great", the other being the Scandinavian Cnut the Great. He was also the first King of the West Saxons to style himself "King of the Anglo-Saxons". Details of Alfred's life are described in a work by the 10th-century Welshscholar and bishop Asser. Alfred had a reputation as a learned and merciful man of a gracious and level-headed nature who encouraged education and improved his kingdom's legal system, military structure and his people's quality of life.

King Arthur

King Arthur was a legendary British leader who, according to medieval histories and romances, led the defence of Britain against Saxon invaders in the late 5th and early 6th centuries AD. Arthur is a central figure in the legends making up the so-called Matter of Britain. The legendary Arthur developed as a figure of international interest largely through the popularity of Geoffrey of Monmouth's fanciful and imaginative 12th-century Historia Regum Britanniae (History of the Kings of Britain). The 12th-century French writer Chrétien de Troyes, who added Lancelot and the Holy Grail to the story, began the genre of Arthurian romance that became a significant strand of medieval literature.In these French stories, the narrative focus often shifts from King Arthur himself to other characters, such as various Knights of the Round Table. Arthurian literature thrived during the Middle Ages but waned in the centuries that followed until it experienced a major resurgence in the 19th century.

Whirlpool Corporation

The Whirlpool Corporation is an American multinational manufacturer and marketer of home appliances, headquartered in Benton Charter Township, Michigan, United States, near Benton Harbor, Michigan.Whirlpool Corporation is the world's largest home appliance maker.

Daisy Miller

Daisy Miller is a novella by Henry James that first appeared in Cornhill Magazine in June–July 1878, and in book form the following year.It portrays the courtship of the beautiful American girl Daisy Miller by Winterbourne, a sophisticated compatriot of hers. His pursuit of her is hampered by her own flirtatiousness, which is frowned upon by the other expatriates when they meet in Switzerland and Italy.

Henry James

Henry James was an American-born British writer. He is regarded as one of the key figures of 19th-century literary realism.He is best known for a number of novels showing Americans encountering Europe and Europeans. His method of writing from a character's point of view allowed him to explore issues related to consciousness and perception, and his style in later works has been compared to impressionist painting. His imaginative use of point of view, interior monologue and unreliable narrators brought a new depth to narrative fiction.

Think of me - Phantom of the Opera

Western Literature(week7)

Western Literature(Week7)

Ithaca

Ithaca or Ithaka is a Greek island located in the Ionian Sea, off the northeast coast of Kefalonia and to the west of continental Greece.The main hero of the story, Odysseus, lived in Ithaca and was its rightful ruler.Odysseus was one of the suitors of Helen.Foreseeing that the situation would not lead anywhere, as there was a multitude of suitors and Tyndareus was unable to choose a husband for her in fear of offending them, he made a proposal to him. He said that if Tyndareus would help him win the hand of Penelope, then he would provide a solution to the problem.He then told all of the suitors to swear an oath, which was hence named the Oath of Tyndareus, according to which no matter who Helen would pick for her husband, they would all support the couple. Everyone agreed and Helen chose Menelaus, king of Sparta. Odysseus then took Penelope for his bride and went back to Ithaca.

Homeric Smile

Homeric simile, also called an epic simile is a detailed comparison in the form of a simile that is many lines in length. The word "Homeric" is based on the Greek author, Homer, who composed the two famous Greek epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey. Many authors continue to use this type of simile in their writings.The typical Homeric simile makes a comparison to some kind of event, in the form "like a ____ when it ______." The object of the comparison is usually something strange or unfamiliar to something ordinary and familiar.  These similes serve to take the reader away from the battlefield for a brief while, into the world of pre-war peace and plenty. Often, they occur at a moment of high action or emotion, especially during a battle. 

Extra Information

Shakespeare's sonnets

Shakespeare's Sonnets is the title of a collection of 154 sonnets by William Shakespeare, which covers themes such as the passage of time, love, beauty and mortality. The first 126 sonnets are addressed to a young man; the last 28 to a woman.The sonnets to the young man express overwhelming, obsessional love. The main issue of debate has always been whether it remained platonic or became physical.The first 17 poems, traditionally called the procreation sonnets, are addressed to the young man urging him to marry and have children in order to immortalize his beauty by passing it to the next generation.Other sonnets express the speaker's love for the young man; brood upon loneliness, death, and the transience of life; seem to criticise the young man for preferring a rival poet; express ambiguous feelings for the speaker's mistress; and pun on the poet's name. The final two sonnets are allegorical treatments of Greek epigrams referring to the "little love-god" Cupid.

Shakespeare Sonnet 18 
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate:
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer's lease hath all too short a date:
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimm'd;
But thy eternal summer shall not fade
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;
Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade,
When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st;
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. 

>>analysis
In the sonnet, the speaker compares his beloved to the summer season, and argues that his beloved is better. He also states that his beloved will live on forever through the words of the poem. Scholars have found parallels within the poem to Ovid's Tristia and Amores, both of which have love themes.

Henry David Thoreau

He was an American essayist, poet, philosopher, abolitionist, naturalist, tax resister, development critic, surveyor, and historian. A leading transcendentalist, Thoreau is best known for his book Walden, a reflection upon simple living in natural surroundings, and his essay Civil Disobedience (originally published as Resistance to Civil Government), an argument for disobedience to an unjust state.His literary style interweaves close natural observation, personal experience, pointed rhetoric, symbolic meanings, and historical lore, while displaying a poetic sensibility, philosophical austerity, and "Yankee" love of practical detail.He was also deeply interested in the idea of survival in the face of hostile elements, historical change, and natural decay; at the same time he advocated abandoning waste and illusion in order to discover life's true essential needs.

"The fate of the country does not depend on how you vote at the polls --
the worst man is as strong as the best at that game;
it does not depend on what kind of paper
you drop into the ballot-box once a year,
but on what kind of man you drop from your chamber
into the street every morning."




Lord's Prayer

The Lord's Prayer, also called the Our Father, Pater Noster, and the Model Prayer is a venerated Christian prayer originally recorded in Koine Greek that, according to the New Testament, was taught by Jesus to his disciples. Two forms of it are recorded in the New Testament: a longer form in the Gospel of Matthew as part of the Sermon on the Mount, and a shorter form in the Gospel of Luke as a response by Jesus to a request by "one of his disciples" to teach them "to pray as John taught his disciples."

Prefix, root, suffix

de-: down, away from

deafen :to make someone unable to hear
example: We were deafen by the explosion.


deaden: to make something weaker or less noticeable
example:The dentist deadened the nerve with novocaine.

decisive: able to make choices quickly and confidently
example:He gave a decisive answer.


-al: of, relating to, or characterized by

approval: acceptance of an idea, action, plan, etc.
example:Do you have your approval to make the changes?





arrival:the act of coming to or reaching a place
example:I'm impatient for his arrival.
*opposite: departure





fictional:something that is not true
example:He composed the story with fictional details.



terr-: earth, land

terrace: a flat area next to the building where people can sit and relax
example:We grow some plants on the terrace.



terrain;land of a particular kind
example:We had to drive over some rough terrain.



terraqueous:consisting of land and water
example:The earth is a terraqueous globe.








New Word

．metaphor: an object, activity, or idea that is used as a symbol of something else
    example:Her poems include many metaphors.



．pentameter: a rhythm in poetry that has five stressed syllables in each line